01 May 2009
God of Students, Thy Name is Kongzi
This week in class, we took a quick look at Confucius, his history, and some of the highlights from "The Analects of Confucius." Then yesterday, we took a field trip to a well-known Confucian temple. It's a cinch to get there; just hop on the 909 to the Yonghegong station -- that's a famous Lama Buddhist temple, also a great field trip. From there, it's not even a quarter mile walk over relatively quiet streets. On an interesting side note, if you take the 909 north instead of south, you end up at Walmart.
Sadly, I left my brain behind that day and didn't bring my camera, but the temple grounds are beautiful. (Yes, that picture above is a random photo from a nearby park. What kind of a post doesn't have a picture?) Educational plaques explain that the temple was built during the Yuan dynasty (that would be the Mongols) in about 1306. Of course, it has been renovated, expanded, redone, improved, repaired, et cetera several times since then, so I'm not sure if anything still survives from the original. The architecture is classic Chinese -- a square courtyard surrounded by long, low buildings, painted red with brilliant, brightly-painted roofs. In the courtyard, there are several very old trees. At first, we thought that the trees were responsible for the fragrant, luxurious lavender and white blossoms covering them like a pastel firework. On closer inspection, it is revealed that the trees themselves are dead and serving as frameworks for massive, woody vines, which are the real source of the flowers. They look a bit like giant, upside-down lupines.
While visiting some well-known sites in Beijing can make you truly appreciate the idiomatic expression "ren shan ren hai" (people from the mountains to the sea), the temple was relatively quiet. Inside the major chamber, where you can, in fact, still kneel and pay tribute to old Confucius, there is a wide variety of traditional vessels for sacrifices, musical instruments for sacrificial rites, and a number of name stones. These are what you'd place on the family altar after a person died, in order to show your continued filial piety and as a place to contribute to their needs in the afterlife. The afterlife, by the bye, is rather disconcertingly like the mortal world -- one still needs food, shelter, and money, which is provided by your still-living family members. Ghosts are angry spirits, often because no one gives them offerings of food or money, so they are hungry and bitter. Of course, if you're being haunted by an angry ghost, it could be because of something you did to the dearly departed. Cruel mother-in-laws, for example, were often haunted by the souls of their dead daughters-in-law.
Getting back to Confucius, for a long while the temple was also the site of the highest level imperial civil service test. To give you an idea of how hard this test was, in all of the Ming and Qing dynasties (that's just shy of 550 years), only about 50,000 people passed it. If you passed, you were eligible for high-level service in the imperial court, and it was the highest achievement your family could accomplish -- we're talking generations of bragging rights. To this end, when you passed, you got your name and the date carved into large stone steles. Your great-great-great grandkids could pop over to the temple, point out your name to their friends, and say "Yeah, my great-great-great grandpa rocked the exam." You can still see these steles today, so theoretically, if you knew the names of your ancestors from the fifteenth century, you could see if they passed the test. Sadly, it seems none of mine did. It's probably because they weren't Chinese.
Ironically, I recall from history class last semester that one of the major problems with the civil service exam by the late Qing was that it was too dependant on memorization of the Confucian classics, and didn't test well for ability to govern, or think independently, at all. I imagine dear Kongzi was none too pleased.
The temple also has some museum-type displays. These were interesting, but a little repetitive, as they described the influence Confucianism has had on greater Asia and the world in general -- I amused myself with reading the sample page of the French civil service exam from the 1790s. Apparently, they got the idea from the Chinese. With the Voltaire and company-led China fanclub in 18th Cent. France, it doesn't surprise me. On the other hand, the general message of the entire exhibit is "Confucianism is the best/China did it first." Now, I realize that this is the general message behind any exhibit anywhere -- in the US it would be "the Founding Fathers were the best/If we didn't do it first, we did it better." Still, it seemed a little forced.
Case in point: one of the Confucian Analects is the Golden Rule (not to be confused with the Golden Ratio, and 'do unto others as you would have done unto you,' for those of you who have forgotten). Now, that's great. It's neat that different societies have similar core values. But the world beyond China doesn't have the golden rule because of Confucius, and even if Confucius is the first person recorded to have said it, China doesn't get to be smug about it. China has plenty of other ancient inventions that no-one else also thought up-- paper and the repeating crossbow jump to mind.
Additionally, it seems several prominent scientists/political figures have declared Confucianism to be the philosophy of the future. I do hope they didn't mean the part where wives are obedient to their husbands and sons. As for Confucian ideals being the ideal educational theory -- well, some of his teachings were good. Hard work and lots of studying are good. Always being open to learning from others, and treating knowledge as limitless, also good. I'm not too sold on obedience to one's teachers or the teaching philosophy "I will not teach until the student has tried to learn and failed." Well of course the student failed -- you didn't teach them.
Was Confucius a cool dude? Yes. Do his teachings still have relevance in the modern world? Definitely. Was J K Rowling thinking of his beard when she dreamed up Albus Dumbledore? I'm going to go with, almost certainly.
In completely other news, we were on our own getting back to campus after the field trip. On the walk back to the bus stop, we got stopped by a fellow laowai (foreigner) who asked if we knew where the entrance of the Lama temple was. We asked a passing Chinese woman for her, and chatted a moment about being students in the city, which she thought was admirable. Then, my classmate complemented me on my mad public transportation skills -- apparently she hasn't yet figured out the Beijing bus system. I'm actually going to miss the ability to get from point A to point B by hopping on the bus. It's dreadfully convenient, and if you use your transit card, it's only 40 mao (40 Chinese cents ... about half a US penny) per ride (normally 1 kuai). It works on the subway, too, at 1.60 kuai per use (2 kuai without). I love the buses so much, in fact, that I'm down to 2 kuai on my transit card -- I've got to go add money to it. That will be a true test of my mad skills. Well, actually, I'm pretty sure I know where to do it. So it will really be a test of my practical Chinese skills. How does one say "add money"? Oh, well, if that fails, we could always talk about Confucius.
25 April 2009
The Boluo Man Cometh and Other Tales
Fruit is all well and good, but I'm afraid I have a dietary confession to make. Today, I went to McDonald's. Yes, a terrible sin. I can't even remember the last time I ate McDonald's food, but I had this awful craving for a hamburger. Not really a fast food burger, but what other option do I have here? Well, I got the dollar menu cheeseburger (which is really the 6 kuai menu). As I ate it, sitting in some sun, perched on a raised wall beside the sidewalk, I realized that the yellow, tasteless American plastic cheese slice on the burger was the first piece of cheese I have eaten in 10 weeks. Ah, what I would give for some chevre. Or some fresh mozzarella. Perhaps a nice chuck of extra-sharp cheddar. Then I had a small vanilla soft-serve cone. It was delicious, but it doesn't quite taste like it does in the US. You know what else doesn't taste the same as in the Western world? Diet Coke. Diet Coke here tastes more like C2, or whatever they called that version of Coke which tasted like regular coke but had no calories. Which, to someone who actually likes the taste of Diet Coke, is a bit disappointing.
20 April 2009
Lions and Tigers and Bears, Taking a Siesta.
Regardless, I was at the Beijing zoo one fine afternoon during vacation. It was in the 80s, sunny and summerlike. I'll admit, I was wearing much too many layers. You can take the Mainer out of Maine, but you can't convince her that she doesn't need a sweatshirt in April. It's enough that I'm not wearing a jacket.
The Beijing Zoo is a short, one-bus trip from my home base. The bus was not crowded at all, and I actually managed to get a seat, which is quite a treat, let me tell you. The zoo wasn't crowded, either, and I bought my ticket and wandered in without any difficulty. To see the animals and the pandas during the busy season is 20 kuai. Let me take another moment to marvel at the idea of a tourist season that begins in April and lasts until November. Really. To think, I thought Memorial Day to Columbus Day was stretching the summer season. But who am I kidding? It feels like summer, so let's call it summer.
The animals were feeling the heat. Or perhaps they were doing as the Romans do and doing a little afternoon xiuxi-ing.
As promised, here is a lion, settling down for a cat nap:
And here is a tiger, looking a lot like Bastet in the backyard sandbox, except moving even less:
Of course, no one goes to the zoo in Beijing without going to see the pandas. Panda, in Chinese, is da xiongmao, which literally is 'large bear-cat.' Apparently, they were supposed to be called 'maoxiong,' or 'cat-bears,' but the name was popularized during the transition from reading characters right-to-left to left-to-right, and the backwards reading became most common. More informative plaques told me that pandas can be considered bears, but some scientists put them in their own category. So, cat-like bears or bear-like cats, pandas are just too cute.
There was a German couple and their Chinese friend beside me as I watch this panda, and they were wondering whether pandas eat just the stalks of bamboo and not the leaves, as this panda was stripping the leaves and outer bark off entirely and throwing it aside. But if that was true, we couldn't use the wonderful grammar joke about pandas. You remember, that the panda "eats, shoots and leaves?"
Speaking of jokes, I learned another Chinese one today. It depends, as all the Chinese jokes I know, on a foreigner whose Chinese is a bit "chabuduo," as our head teacher would say (meaning, not quite right), and a word with two meanings in Chinese. Come to think of it, I'm a little worried that all the jokes I know are about math or grammar.
Now for something completely different: I am officially 78.5% finished knitting the essential parts of the Periodic Table. Sadly, I've run out of yarn, but on the plus side, recent measurements lead me to wildly hope the finished product might actually fit on a bed. Wouldn't that be nice?
09 April 2009
Your French Catholic Canadian Aunt is Knitting a Sweater
06 April 2009
Spring Sur Pied: Wangfujing
29 March 2009
Home Is Where the Boot Is
PS. I saw the following billboard on my way to Beans. It's oddly comforting to know that China's "join up now" ads looks just like ours.
18 March 2009
On Illiteracy and Being Mostly Successful
16 March 2009
Hello Warm Lemonade and Foreigners
13 March 2009
Five Senses
11 March 2009
Little Dogs and Alley Cats
First, dogs. I will admit that the past few weeks were particularly cold, but it still seems that the number of dogs in sweaters was disproportionately high. I even saw one dog wearing what appeared to be a shirt and overalls. I'm sure it was in fact a cleverly designed onesie, along the lines of the one piece shirt-under-sweater concept, but the question remains: was such cleverness really warranted on doggie clothes? Is there canine haute couture? Furthermore, every dog I've seen is tiny. Not even just small, but true little run-while-you-walk, ankle height dogs. Perhaps it is because this is a city, and people do not have the space for larger dogs, but I rather miss seeing big dogs. And this from a girl who was terrified of big dogs for the first decade or so of her life.
Cats, on the other hand, are much safer. Their biggest threat is cat scratch fever, which never seemed particularly intimidating. Oh, I'm sure my sister the vet could give us a litany of terrible diseases one can get from a cat, but most cats seem benign. I've never wished a cat ill, until the past week here.
I live on the sixth floor of a dormitory on a quiet side street in the Xicheng district of Beijing. In front of the dorm is an elementary school; behind the dorm is a college. Between the college and the back of my building is a little alley, and this is where the Alley Cat lives.
The Alley Cat seems to be alone for the most part, and I don't think I've ever heard a more miserable-sounding creature. S/he's mostly quiet during the day, but come evening and the pitiful cries begin. For the first few nights, I wasn't sure if it was a cat or an unhappy baby. On the way back from dinner last week, I caught a glimpse of the Alley Cat climbing across the low roof of the next-door building. Judging from the ragged appearance, I'd guess Alley Cat was a stray, but I suppose s/he could be someone's pet. Alley Cat is a yellow tiger in coloring and rather reminds me of our cat Tiger from way back when. I thought the Alley Cat was undisputed Master of All, until the wee hours of Monday morning. At about 3 am, I was awoken by a sound I know all too well from the confrontations between my cats at home -- Cat War. Hissing, yowling, growling, and generally the sense that a fight is about to go down that makes the Spartans in 300 look like sissies. I put my earplugs in and went back to sleep, only a little worried for Alley Cat. As it turns out, I didn't even need to worry at all -- Alley Cat was slinking about the scraggly bushes the next morning as I walked to class.